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Haber – (to have) is used as the auxiliary (helping) verb
Present Perfect:
Use the conjugation of haber and for –er/-ir verbs, drop the –er or –ir and add ido.
For -ar verbs, drop the –ar and add -ado:
| yo | he |
| tú | has |
| él, ella, Ud. | ha |
| nosotros | hemos |
| ellos, ellas, Uds. | han |
The Present Perfect is used to tell that an action has occurred recently or has some bearing upon the present time but without reference to a specific time in the past, since it implies an impact upon the present.
Ya ha ido al banco y tiene el dinero en efectivo. He has already gone to the bank and has the cash.
| He comido. | I have eaten. |
| Has comido. | You (informal) have eaten. |
| Ha comido. | You (formal), she, it) has eaten. |
| Hemos comido. | We have eaten. |
| Han comido. | You all have eaten, they have eaten. |
Some irregular verbs differ in the verb form only:
| Escribir | (to write) | ecrito | he escrito, has escrito, ha escrito, hemos escrito, han escrito. |
| Decir | (to say) | dicho | he dicho, has dicho, ha dicho, hemos dicho, han dicho |
| Ir | (to go) | ido | he ido, has ido, ha ido, hemos ido, han ido |
| Leer | (to read) | leído | he leído, has leído, ha leído, hemos leído, han leído |
| Poner | (to be able) | puesto | he puesto, has puesto, ha puesto, hemos puesto, han puesto |
Used for past actions that HAD OCCURRED before another past event - stated or implied. The second event, if mentioned, is usually in the past tense (Preterito)
| había | yo | ía |
| habías | tú | ías |
| había | é, ella, Ud. | ía |
| habíamos | nosotros | íamos |
| habían | Uds., ellos, ellas | ían |
Ya habían escogido una mesa cerca de la ventana. They had already chosen a table near the window.
Ya había vendido el coche cuando llamé. He had already sold the car when I called.
Implies that something WILL HAVE TAKEN PLACE or MAY HAVE TAKEN PLACE by some future time. It will imply probability in the past, that something must have or might have occurred – that it has probably occurred.
| Habré | yo | é |
| habrás | tú | ás |
| habrá | él, ella, Ud. | á |
| habremos | nosotros | emos |
| hagrán | Uds., ellos, ellas | án |
¿Habremos terminado para diciembre? Will we have finished by December?
Este candidate tiene buenas cualidades. Habrá conseguido el puesto. This candidate has good qualities. He must have gotten the post.
Haya is in the Perfect Subjunctivo form of HABER + a past participle
Subjunctive is used after a verb expressing a wish, insistence, preference, suggestion or request.
If the action has past, the present perfect subjunctive is used.
(-ar, -er and –ir forms of the verb do not change in the subjunctive form)
Maria duda que yo le haya hablado al profesor. Mary doubts that I have spoken to the
profesor.
Siento que tu no hayas visitado a verme. I am sorry that you have not come to see me.
Me alegro de que Elena haya ganado el premio. I am glad that Helen has won the prize.
Present perfect indicative:
He hablado (I have spoken)
Present perfect subjunctive:
Haya hablaldo (I may have spoken.
Future perfect indicative:
Habre hablado (I will have spoken)
Past perfect indicative:
Había hablado (I had spoken)
Hester Chamberlain
Learning Assistance Center
Eastfield College